Does the world need explorers now more than ever?

Unfortunately, Pablito had since died, but Lucy, the child who’d shared her vast knowledge of medicinal and edible plants with Benedict, was now a happily married woman. “She’d taught me so much: She knew at least 20 species of herb you could use for a disinfectant. I thought that if she could survive in the rainforest, I might survive.”

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But her world had moved on. “It was terribly poignant—she turned to me and said ‘Benedict, I can’t remember any of it.’ All that knowledge had been lost,” says Benedict. “But the forest itself was still there, the Matses still had their land and their pride and their health.”

Allen, who has a BSc in environmental science from the University of East Anglia, and worked in a warehouse to save up for his first expedition, has developed an empathetic approach to exploration over the years.

“For me, exploring is about immersion,” he says. “Years ago, we’d think of it as planting flags, conquering nature, going somewhere to make your mark. But for me it’s the opposite. It’s about allowing yourself to be vulnerable. I immerse myself among remote people and I learn from them.”

“Not being contactable, well, maybe it is to do with friendship, and wanting to look the locals in the eye, and say, ‘I trust you. I’m not taking any gadgets that would save me that wouldn’t save you, I’m trusting you with my life and you’re trusting me with yours.'”

- Benedict Allen

It’s also, he says, about trying to leave cultural baggage behind—including technology. “At least, that’s the desire.”

Of the early explorers, he has often cited Captain James Cook as a hero of his (“He saw the indigenous people simply as a local people and was very good at not judging”) and Benedict’s own expeditions read like a roll call of audacity and derring-do.

At the tender age of 23, Benedict made a 966-kilometer crossing of the remote northeast Amazon. On that trip, he was forced to walk out of the forest, and, while malaria-stricken and starving, took the decision to eat his dog in order to survive.

He’s ridden camels a thousand miles up Namibia’s Skeleton Coast, crossed Mongolia’s Gobi Desert, sledged across the Bering Strait with a team of husky dogs, and in Papua New Guinea, he underwent an initiation ceremony to make him “as strong as a crocodile”. He’s journeyed alone, was the first to travel with a hand-held camera, made documentaries and wrote books.

After a hiatus of sorts in which he presented adventure TV shows, got married and had three children, he returned last year to Papua New Guinea to visit friends from the remote Yaifo people who he’d befriended as a young man.

His trip suddenly became headline news when he missed his flight out. Fighting had erupted between two communities which had made it impossible for him to walk out of the forest, and he’d become sick with malaria and dengue fever. He was gee-ing up for a final attempt to get to the outside world, when he was unexpectedly rescued by helicopter. The explorer was rebuked in the press for his risk-taking—he’d traveled without a satellite phone.

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“Not being contactable, well, maybe it is to do with friendship, and wanting to look the locals in the eye, and say, ‘I trust you. I’m not taking any gadgets that would save me that wouldn’t save you, I’m trusting you with my life and you’re trusting me with yours,’” he says.

He also believes that exploration—true exploration—is about being honest with himself, and about testing the courage of his convictions. “Of course, it becomes a moral question if you have children and whether it is fair on them, but that’s a different tussle,” he says.

Becoming immersed in another world, while documenting it, is a juggling act. To what degree has he been able to lose himself in the isolated cultures he spends time with?

“Not as much as I would have liked. I realized I was incredibly vulnerable out there,” he says. “Yes, I was in these communities that were kind to me and keeping me safe, but I had to keep a sense of myself and I was writing notes every day.”

Of course, not everyone has the opportunity to spend sustained time in remote communities and the world is changing; some might say shrinking.

- Benedict Allen

“I always felt I was an outsider. And I was so physically very different from everyone, I could never hunt as well as anyone. I always felt this tussle between this person who wanted to learn and let go, and this person who was also there to document and get out. At times, I had a sense of Otherness from the whole planet.”

Still, the joys of exploration did and do prevail. “The magic for me lies in the exhilaration of propeling yourself into the unknown, the pure joy and stimulation of having to rely on your own wits. And you feel like you’re living more intensely.”

Of course, not everyone has the opportunity to spend sustained time in remote communities and the world is changing; some might say shrinking. As one of the last of the ‘classic’ explorers with an enviable archive of experiences of a less joined-up world to draw upon, what does he say to those eager to pick up the baton in the 21st century?

“I think we have to re-think the word and say that all humans, regardless of our background, are explorers. We’re all interested in the world, we’re all documenting the unfamiliar, all the time.”

“When we explore we gain an understanding of the world we depend on—we break down that idea of nature being ‘out there’ and we experience a greater empathy towards cultures that have been hitherto misunderstood. And you don’t need to go to the Amazon to do it.”

His approach has dovetailed with the increasing desire of many in technology-rich societies to disconnect. “These days, it has become incredibly important. We’re all repeating the same knowledge because we’re so connected. I’m keen to extol the value of standing back. And children don’t take risks any more or they are not allowed to take risks,” he says.

“It’s not up to the specialists now, it’s up to everyone: We don’t need to stand back and admire someone, we need to get involved ourselves.”

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Benedict Allen is touring UK theatres with his latest talk, Ultimate Explorer.