Road trips? Upcoming flights? These new policies on could change that.

What if gas was cheaper, and airplanes were constructed to meet emissions standards? The Biden administration is considering a temporary gas holiday and an aircraft emission standard, and while neither is a sure thing, both would shape how we travel, how much it costs, and our ability to curb fossil fuel-driven climate change this summer and in years to come.

President Biden has floated the idea of pausing the federal gas tax as a temporary measure to contain rising gas prices. He doesn’t have the authority to pause the 18.4 cents per gallon tax on his own but has asked Congress to pass the necessary legislation. Biden has also encouraged states and municipalities to lift local gas taxes, which range from nine cents a gallon in Alaska to 57 cents in Pennsylvania.

Critics of the measure argue that the gas companies would benefit from lifting the tax more than consumers and that the loss of tax revenue, which is used primarily to fund road upkeep and construction, would ultimately come around to hurt citizens.

Depending on the itinerary, traveling by plane could cost about as much as driving, if not less—particularly between major cities. But domestic flights are getting increasingly pricey, too. And for tourism in small towns accessible primarily by car, or for outdoor enthusiasts whose adventurous vacations begin at trailheads miles down the road from the nearest airport, bus, or train stop, hopping onto a mode of transportation less dependent on fossil fuels isn’t always an option.

It’s difficult to definitively say whether people will take fewer or shorter road trips this year compared to last year since they’re not necessarily recorded the way an airplane or train trip would be. But one Morning Consult survey at the end of May found that high gas prices were “a consideration” for 90 percent of the 2,210 respondents considering taking a trip this year. A majority 57 percent said they’d likely take fewer trips, about the same number would likely take shorter trips, and one in three said they’d probably cancel altogether.

A smaller survey conducted at the same time by AutoPacific, another consulting firm, found a much smaller proportion of respondents shortening their trips (nine percent) or out-and-out canceling (just two percent).

Temporarily lifting the federal gas tax could change peoples’ personal equation about whether to drive, fly, stay at home, or something else for their vacation this summer, but just how much they would save, and how much of a difference it’d make to them, would vary by person and by state.

For the average traveler, high gas prices drive home just how dependent US transportation is on fossil fuels to get around.

But the US airline industry could be an opportunity to change that—a potential shift that may (in the long-term) make flights more affordable and shift away from dependency on fossil fuels. In June, the US Federal Aviation Administration suggested emissions regulations for aircraft.

Currently, planes aren’t subject to regulation under legislation like the Clean Air Act, from which the EPA has the authority to set emission standards for cars. The FAA currently estimates that 10 percent of domestic transportation emissions are from commercial airplanes. In a recent study on cutting aviation emissions from the International Council on Clean Transportation, the most aggressive scenario found that limiting warming by 1.75 degrees C would require global aviation emissions to peak in 2025.

If it passes, the proposed new rule will go into effect in 2028, requiring commercial and commuter airplanes to meet emission and fuel efficiency standards.

The public comment period for the proposed rule is still open, and studies are still underway to determine the emissions this rule would save and how much it could change the cost of air travel. That’s all to say that 2028—and airplanes that meet fuel efficiency standards—are a long way off.

Whether the potential gas tax vacation and new aviation emissions standards go into effect, both clarify the US transportation system’s short- and long-term issues more than they solve them. As long as travel relies on fossil fuels, it will be subject to volatile prices and only lead us further away from net-zero goals.